铸造式和焊接式主轴箱体的动态特性对比分析

利用有限元法和试验模态法对立式加工中心的铸造式和焊接式两种结构的主轴箱体进行了模态分析,分别获得了其前六阶固有频率和振型。通过对比两种方法获得的结果,验证了有限元分析模型的有效性。研究表明,两种主轴箱体的阻尼比接近,但焊接式主轴箱体的各阶固有频率均要高于铸造式主轴箱体的各阶固有频率。并且铸造式主轴箱体的固有频率更接近于机床主轴的常用工作频率,焊接式主轴箱体的则远离此频率。因此对于常用主轴转速而言,焊接式主轴箱体的动态性能要优于铸造式主轴箱体的动态性能。     

VRF制冷系统变吸气状态下频率与阀开度的同步调节

针对变流量制冷(Variable Refrigerant Flow,VRF)系统变吸气状态下带液量的精确控制以及控制元件所引起的滞后或超调现象,以变频滚动转子式制冷系统为研究对象,分别通过恒定频率不同阀开度与恒定阀开度不同频率两个实验,建立其单独控制下的拟合模型,得到其在不同工况下的同步控制方法。结果表明:过热度随阀开度的增大而减小,在过热度为6 K以下,即阀开度为27.8%～30%时,过热度控制难度上升,提高冷冻水温度可改善这一状况;过热度随频率的降低而减小,在过热度为5 K以下,即频率为44.5～46.5 Hz时,控制难度上升;吸气干度随阀开度增大而下降,随频率降低而减小;在某一工况下,以系统质量流量为控制目标,可以拟合得到频率与阀开度的关系式,实现同步控制,在变吸气状态可以精确控制吸气干度,不损坏压缩机,并使系统迅速达到稳定状态。     

新型装配式冰场受力性能试验与模拟分析

为在2022年冬奥会期间将国家游泳中心泳池场地改造为冰壶场地,结合临时场地的新型制冰方式,提出了一种全装配式的冰壶场地及支承结构体系的构造作法.对此装配式冰场进行了现场试验测试和有限元受力性能分析,研究了装配式冰场的自振频率和振型特点,分析了冰场在使用荷载作用下的整体变形和各组件的应力水平,探讨了极端荷载作用下冰面受力、变形及开裂等关键问题.研究表明,所提装配式冰场方案具有较大刚度和承载力,能够满足冬奥会冰壶比赛对冰面的要求；此类冰场宜使用轻型浇冰车作业,大型浇冰车轮压引起的弯矩和剪力作用下冰面存在开裂的可能.     

In-situ synthesized nanocrystalline UO2/SiC composite with superior thermal conductivity

In this study, a novel UO₂/SiC nanocomposite pellet was constructed via in-situ hydrothermal synthesis and SPS. Such method could avoid the problem of traditional mechanical mixing that could obtained the molecular level mixing during a chemical process. Using such method, SiC was dispersed uniformly in the UO₂ matrix. Its thermal conductivity is significantly higher than those of UO₂ pellet fabricated using hydro-thermally prepared powder and traditional UO₂ pellets at both working temperature (400 °C) and near-accident temperature (1000 °C). The thermal conductivity of UO₂/SiC nanocomposite pellet increased 23.7 % over traditional UO₂ and 48.9 % over UO₂ pellet fabricated using hydro-thermally prepared powder at 400 °C. It also increased 33.6 % over traditional UO₂ and 74.8 % over UO₂ pellet fabricated using hydro-thermally prepared powder at 1000 °C. These advantages are expected to maintain high thermal conductivity of fuels, enhance heat transferring efficiency of reactors, and minimize risks of pellet failure in the entire fuel life cycle.     

Tropane alkaloid contamination of agricultural commodities and food products in relation to consumer health: Learnings from the 2019 Uganda food aid outbreak

Tropane alkaloids (TAs) are secondary plant metabolites derived mainly from Solanaceae plant families, with the most virulent invasive species being Datura stramonium. Datura stramonium commonly grows in cereal fields and produce TAs (e.g., hyoscyamine and scopolamine) which may accidentally contaminate cereals (and cereal-based foods) at occasionally high levels. Dietary exposure to TAs can be toxic and depending on the dose ingested can cause outcomes ranging from anticholinergic effects to acute poisoning and death. In 2019, 315 adults became ill and another five adults died in Uganda following consumption of a “Super Cereal” (a fortified blended food) that was later confirmed to be contaminated by TAs—a scenario which provoked this holistic review on TAs in foodstuffs. Thus, this article provides information on the history, development, occurrences, exposures, and human legislative and health benchmarks for TAs. It describes control strategies for reducing TA contamination of agricultural commodities and resultant health implications following consumption of TA contaminated foodstuffs. Adequate application of food safety control measures (including maximum limits) and good practices, from the start of cereal cultivation through to the final stages of manufacturing of food products can aid in the reduction of seeing toxic plants including D. stramonium in cereal fields.     

基于GIS的航电枢纽安全监测信息管理系统设计与应用

为解决航电枢纽安全监测海量数据统筹管理以及GIS技术结合应用程度低等问题,开发了基于GIS的航电枢纽安全监测信息管理系统。倾斜摄影技术的应用实现了高效建立工程三维数字模型,通过实景模型与工程监测的结合,为监测点可视化管理及成果可视化展示提供了条件。系统实现的技术路线,可为类似工程项目提供参考。     

Research on H2/Air rotating detonation in the hollow chamber with double injection

In order to investigate the relationship between high frequency tangential instability and continuous rotating detonation, series of H₂/Air rotating detonations are experimentally achieved in the hollow chamber with double injection sections. In the center part, gaseous H₂ and air injected by co-axial injector. Near the outer wall, the same propellants are injected in the form of slit-orifice collision. By keeping the total air mass flow rate approximately constant, varying the mixture of the inner and outer injection, series experiments are conducted in the test model with or without Laval nozzle. The results verify the possibility of rotating detonation in the hollow chamber with co-axial injector. To clarify the relationship between continuous rotating detonation and high frequency tangential combustion instability, the intrinsic frequencies of the test model are captured to be compared with propagation frequencies of detonation waves. The results show that they are close to each other when enough propellant assembled near the outer wall. In the combustor, the flame direction in constant pressure mode can change itself into rotating direction spontaneously. The results indicate that rotating detonation is an implication to high frequency tangential instability.     

深圳抽水蓄能电厂球阀动水关闭试验研究

为验证深圳抽水蓄能电厂球阀具备动水关闭能力且不会产生有害振动进行了球阀动水关闭试验,获得不同负荷下球阀动水关闭实测各项动应力值及振动位移值。试验数据表明深蓄电厂球阀在不关闭导叶情况下能可靠关闭阻断上游来水,验证了在100%负荷动水关闭球阀最不利工况下,球阀混凝土支墩结构强度满足设计要求,球阀体系的振动位移是安全的,且对设备未产生有害变形及损坏。     

基于“天空地”一体化技术的安全监测系统建设与应用

西藏江达县白格村金沙江右岸于2018年10月11日和2018年11月3日先后发生2次大规模滑坡—堰塞湖堵江事件,溃堰洪水对下游拉哇库区不良地质体的稳定性造成不同程度的影响。为保障下游水电站建设安全,对拉哇库区主要不良地质体建立了基于星载InSAR技术、无人机技术和地面传感器实时监测的“天空地”一体化监测预警体系,以多维空间采集技术获取变形信息,通过智能监控平台对信息及时进行处理、分析和可视化呈现,利用平台、短信等方式向相关人员进行分级告警,取得了较好的应用效果。     

Informative and corrective responsive packaging: Advances in farm-to-fork monitoring and remediation of food quality and safety

Microbial growth and fluctuations in environmental conditions have been shown to cause microbial contamination and deterioration of food. Thus, it is paramount to develop reliable strategies to effectively prevent the sale and consumption of contaminated or spoiled food. Responsive packaging systems are designed to react to specific stimuli in the food or environment, such as microorganisms or temperature, then implement an informational or corrective response. Informative responsive packaging is aimed at continuously monitoring the changes in food or environmental conditions and conveys this information to the users in real time. Meanwhile, packaging systems with the capacity to control contamination or deterioration are also of great interest. Encouragingly, corrective responsive packaging attempting to mitigate the adverse effects of condition fluctuations on food has been investigated. This packaging exerts its effects through the triggered release of active agents by environmental stimuli. In this review, informative and corrective responsive packaging is conceptualized clearly and concisely. The mechanism and characteristics of each type of packaging are discussed in depth. This review also summarized the latest research progress of responsive packaging and objectively appraised their advantages. Evidently, the mechanism through which packaging systems respond to microbial contamination and associated environmental factors was also highlighted. Moreover, risk concerns, related legislation, and consumer perspective in the application of responsive packaging are discussed as well. Broadly, this comprehensive review covering the latest information on responsive packaging aims to provide a timely reference for scientific research and offer guidance for presenting their applications in food industry.